Move forward in silence

Diversity

Move forward in silence…

Understanding Autism with Awareness, Acceptance, and Action

Shaik Naseema Begum

“Oh… you are such a good person! Why did this happen to you?” — words of sympathy that can be irritating.

“Didn’t you consult a good doctor?” — overenthusiastic remarks, as if they have discovered the problem.

“How can you keep him at home? Take him outside…” — advice from kind-hearted people.

“Oh no… what if he hurts other children?” — fearful reactions filled with anxiety.

“What sin did you commit in your previous birth?” — innocent yet deeply hurtful statements.

Whatever anyone says or thinks, we should not be bothered. With patience and determination, we must keep moving forward, making every effort to help our children become independent and confident.

Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the recognized disabilities in India. The person with Autism has all governmental rights with this law.

In today’s era of inclusion and assistive technology, autism is better understood as a difference in ability, not merely a disability.

The term “Autism” comes from the Greek word Autos, meaning “self.” It describes a neurodevelopmental condition where individuals may have difficulty in communication, social interaction, and behavior patterns.

The word “spectrum” means symptoms can range from mild to severe.

Early Signs Parents Should Notice and identifying these signs are very important.

Warning signs include:

• No eye contact by 6–8 months
• No response to name by 9–12 months
• Delayed or no speech
• Lack of interest in playing with other children
• Repetitive behaviors like hand flapping
• Sensitivity to sound, light, or touch

Early intervention can make a big difference in development.

Main Characteristics

• Delayed speech and communication difficulties
• Difficulty expressing needs and emotions
• Repetition of words (echolalia)
• Poor eye contact
• Preference for being alone
• Difficulty understanding social cues
• Repetitive Behaviors
• Hand flapping or body rocking
• Repeating the same actions
• Strong attachment to routines
• Distress with small changes

Causes (Possible Factors):

• There is no single confirmed cause.
• Genetic factors (family history, gene mutations)
• Brain development differences
• Prenatal factors (health, infections, nutrition) during pregancy
• Perinatal factors (low birth weight, oxygen issues) during pregancy
• Exposure to violence — whether through television, cinema, or real-life surroundings—can have a profound impact on a developing life. According to the principles of Bharathiya Garbha Sanskar, a pregnant woman should cultivate a "divine nature" within her environment. This is because violent imagery can disrupt the fetus’s brain development, potentially hindering the delicate formation of neural connections.
• Environmental exposure (pollution, medicines during pregnancy)

Myths vs Facts (Public Awareness)

• Myth: Autism is caused by bad parenting
  Fact: It is a neurodevelopmental condition
• Myth: Children with autism cannot learn
  Fact: They can learn with proper support
• Myth: Autism can be cured
  Fact: It is lifelong, but early support improves life

Interventions and Support. With proper support, children can improve:

• Parent training and counseling is crucial.
• Inclusive education
• Speech therapy
• Behavioral therapy (ABA)
• Occupational therapy
• Structured routines and visual supports

Role of Parents and Teachers

Parents:

• Show patience and acceptance
• Encourage communication
• Maintain routines
• Celebrate small achievements

Teachers:

• Use simple instructions
• Provide visual aids
• Give extra time
• Create inclusive classrooms

A special note:

Do not ever go for any costly therapy in looting private centres. In the State of Andhra Pradesh, the Samagra Shiskha has initiate the project for Autism Support Centres in 125 PM Shri High Schools across the State. Avail free professional Support in educational and other needed therapies and expert guidance. From June this year all districts will have couple of centres supporting the parents and children with Autism.

Author is a working as an Inclusive Educator in Andhra Pradesh.

Shaik Naseema Begum
M.A, B.Ed (ID), CPNGOM, M.SW